CAPITAL CITIES is an interdisciplinary research project funded by the Volkswagen Foundation’s Perspectives on Wealth program that investigates the societal foundations and role of wealth in two leading European startup ecosystems: Paris and Berlin. Adopting a comparative perspective, the project brings together sociologists (TU Berlin) and entrepreneurship scholars (University of Wuppertal) to examine how different actor groups shape the startup activity within these ecosystems.
About the Project
Research Interest
Wealth is simultaneously a resource and an outcome of the startup ecosystem. We aim to understand how different uses of and aspirations for wealth shape the prevailing socio-economic dynamics of startup ecosystems. Four strategic actor groups are at the center of our analysis: investors, startup founders, entrepreneurial support organizations (ESOs), and political enablers. We examine how these groups’ interests, resources, decision-making power, and interdependent relationships relate to wealth and wealth accumulation. Through its interdisciplinary approach, the project advances academic debates across sociology, entrepreneurship, and related fields, while also informing practitioners through reports, policy briefings, and roundtables on startup ecosystem development.
Methodology
We conduct a multi-sited ethnography in the startup ecosystems of Paris and Berlin. During the field phase, we engage directly with the strategic actor groups through qualitative interviews with investors, startup founders, entrepreneurial support organizations, and political enablers, as well as through participant observation at relevant events and ongoing involvement in the field. In addition, we draw on secondary data to contextualize and triangulate our findings. This comparative design allows us to examine how national and local contexts shape the relationship between wealth and ecosystem dynamics.
Strategic Actor Groups
the Startup Ecosystems of Berlin and Paris

- Berlin and Paris rank among the top 3 startup ecosystems in Europe
- Both Cities rank among the top 3 in Europe by total VC investments and VC rounds
- Paris has emerged as a leading European hub for AI and deep-tech innovation, whereas Berlin constitutes the central node for these activities within the German ecosystem
Team
Our Partners
Funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, we collaborate with a diverse network of academic partners and practitioners to advance the insights of our research and leverage the transfer of knowledge.
Funding Partner

The project is funded by the renowned Volkswagen Foundation, a private research funding organization, known for supporting creative and foundational research about processes of societal transformation.
Academic Partners

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Practice Partners

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